Abundance: 0.02 to 40.76% (median 0.96%)

Latitudinal range: -48.4° to 67.8°

Habitats: (146), Mediterranean woodland (1), boreal forest/taiga (1), desert/xeric shrubland (4), mangrove (3), montane grassland (4), temperate broadleaf/mixed forest (8), temperate coniferous forest (1), temperate savanna (2), tropical/subtropical coniferous forest (1), tropical/subtropical dry broadleaf forest (24), tropical/subtropical moist broadleaf forest (26), tropical/subtropical savanna (14), tundra (1)

Found in 236 samples

Argentina: Iguazú National Park (on roads), Cueva Túnel

Bangladesh: Sundarbans East Wildlife Sanctuary

Belize: Extinction Cave

Bhutan: Lamai Goempa Research Preserve

Bolivia: Santa Rosa (control)

Brazil: Uacari Sustainable Development Reserve, Floresta Nacional Amapá (dry season), Floresta Nacional Amapá (wet season), Parque Estadual do Turvo (trail), Reserva Natural Vale (year 1), Reserva Natural Vale (year 2), Reserva Natural Vale (year 3), Reserva Natural Vale (year 4), Iguaçu National Park, Formosa Military Training Area, Terra do Meio Ecological Station II, Cachoeira Seca Indigenous Land I

Bulgaria: Redaka II

Burkina Faso: Arly National Park (2017)

Cambodia: Phnom Prich Wildlife Sanctuary, Chhep Wildlife Sanctuary, Boh Dambang, Vat Komnou

Canada: Old Crow River Loc. 11A (square S30E120)

China: Altun Mountains, Gouli Region, Suojia Township, Nangunhe Nature Reserve, Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve, Yanchiwan National Nature Reserve, Songhua River, Hunchun National Reserve (winter), Hunchun National Reserve (summer), Zongri type-site (Layer 2), Zongri type-site (Layer 3), Zongri type-site (Layer 4), Foping National Nature Reserve (2020), Muzhuzhuliang, Huoshiliang, Tianluoshan, Cunkong Cave, Wuyun Cave, Mohui Cave, Ganxian Cave, Bailongdong

Costa Rica: Pacuare Nature Reserve

Ethiopia: Belete-Gera National Forest Priority Area (natural forest), Belete-Gera National Forest Priority Area (coffee forest)

France: Grotte du Bison (Level I), Les Canalettes (Layer 3), Noisetier Cave, Coudoulous I (Faunal Unit III), Coudoulous I (Faunal Units IV and V), Coudoulous I (Faunal Unit VI), Coudoulous I (Faunal Unit VII), Bois-de-Riquet (Locus 1), Caune de l'Arago (Unit D), Vergisson II, Romain-la-Roche, Lazaret (C II supérieur UA 13-17), Payre (ensemble G), Payre (ensemble F), Payre (ensemble D), Les Pradelles (level 9), Lunel-Viel (level 9)

Germany: Untermassfeld

Ghana: Mole National Park

India: Savandurga State Forest (monsoon), Mudumalai Tiger Reserve, Valparai Plateau, Similipal Tiger Reserve (camera traps), Akole Tahsil, Dachigam National Park, Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary (good habitat area), Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary (poor habitat area), Kotada Bhadli, Badmal (Period IB), Cathedral Cave (MIS 5)

Indonesia: Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Acacia mangium plantation, Braholo Cave (Excavation Unit G6, Assemblage 2), Ngalau Gupin-A, Ngalau Gupin-B

Iran: Lar Protected Area, Wezmeh Cave, Golestan National Park

Israel: Manot Cave (Area D, Biogenic Unit), Motza (Early PPNB), Tel Ro'im West (Late PPNB), Ubeidiya (Layer II-23)

Italy: Caverna degli Orsi (sondage A, Unit 11.1), Caverna degli Orsi (sondage A, Unit 11.2), La Sassa Cave, Isernia La Pineta (3 colluvio level), Grotta Cucgiliana

Japan: Matsugae

Kenya: Enkapune Ya Muto (RBL2.1), Enkapune Ya Muto (RBL2.2), Enkapune Ya Muto (RBL2.3), Enkapune Ya Muto (DBS), Karungu, Kibogo, Lainyamok

Kyrgyzstan: SaryChat Ertash Zapovednik (ridge), Jangart Hunting Reserve (ridge)

Lesotho: Sehonghong (RF), Sehonghong (RBL/CLBRF), Sehonghong (BAS), Sehonghong (MOS)

Malaysia: Merapoh, Jerangau Forest Reserve, North Selangor Peat Swamp Forest, Jenut Bayek, Jenut Wan Bulan and Fruiting Area, Endau Rompin National Park

Mauritania: Dhar Tichitt Site 38

Mexico: La Reserva Natural Sierra Nanchititla, Estación Científica Las Joyas, Tolistoque (rainy season), Abra-Tanchipa Biosphere Reserve (survey 1), Huasabas-Sahuaripa Region, Ajos, Reserva de la Biosfera La Encrucijada (secas), Reserva de la Biosfera La Encrucijada (lluvias)

Mongolia: Zaraa Uul (Locus 3)

Montenegro: Trlica (Bed 10)

Morocco: Gazelle Cave (upper level), Zouhrah Cave (L 1), Zouhrah Cave (L 2), Zouhrah Cave (L 3), Grotte des Rhinocéros (lower set), Thomas Quarry Hominid Cave

Myanmar: Hukaung Valley Wildlife Sanctuary (Outside the Core), Kweenkoh, Mae Nyaw Kee South

Namibia: Waterberg Plateau Park (surrounding flatlands), Waterberg Escarpment, Waterberg Plateau Park, Namib-Naukluft National Park, Etosha Region

Nepal: Limi Valley

North Korea: Chongphadae Cave

Pakistan: Khunjerab National Park

Peru: Los Amigos Conservation Concession (2005), Los Amigos Conservation Concession (2006), Ichigkat Muja - Cordillera del Cóndor National Park (2018), Ichigkat Muja - Cordillera del Cóndor National Park (2019)

Poland: Raj Cave (layer 4), Raj Cave (layer 6)

Portugal: Gruta de Figueira Brava (Area C)

Republic of the Congo: Odzala-Kokoua National Park, Forestry Management Unit Ngombé

Russia: Geographical Society Cave, Zapovednaya, Chagyrskaya Cave (Layer 5), Chagyrskaya Cave (Layer 6), Kamenka, Mezmaiskaya Cave (Layer 2A), Mezmaiskaya Cave (Layer 3), Cheremukhovo-1 (Bed 9), Cheremukhovo-1 (Bed 10), Imanay Cave (Pleistocene Layer 1), Imanay Cave (Pleistocene Layer 2), Imanay Cave (Pleistocene Layer 3), Imanay Cave (Pleistocene Layer 4), Khayrgas Cave - Layer 5 (1998–1999 pit)

Saudi Arabia: Ti’s al Ghadah

Senegal: Drambos Cave, Diouboye

South Africa: Groenefontein Nature Reserve (fynbos), Garden Route National Park (Site 1), Between George and Karatara, Sibudu Cave (Pinkish Grey Sand), Equus Cave (Unit 1A), Equus Cave (Unit 1B), Goudveld State Forest (survey cycle 1), Goudveld State Forest (survey cycle 2), Boegoeberg 1, Plovers Lake, Diepkloof Rock Shelter (MSA - Post HP), Diepkloof Rock Shelter (MSA - Late HP), Diepkloof Rock Shelter (MSA - Jack), Diepkloof Rock Shelter (MSA - Mike), Boomplaas Cave (Member BLD), Boomplaas Cave (Member BLA), Boomplaas Cave (Member YOL), Boomplaas Cave (Member BP), Boomplaas Cave (Member OLP), Boomplaas Cave (Member BOL), Boomplaas Cave (Member OCH), Boomplaas Cave (Member LOH), Equus Cave (Unit 2A), Equus Cave (Unit 2B), Cornelia-Uitzoek (1998 - 2010 collection), Cornelia-Uitzoek (old collection), Duinefontein 2 Horizon 2

Spain: Jou Puerta, Imanolen Arrobia, Punta Lucero Quarry, Bolomor Cave (Level IV), Barranc de la Boella (La Mina 2)

Sudan: Khor Shambat 1 (Mesolithic)

Tanzania: Mwanihana, Ruaha National Park (dry season, random placement), Mwanihana Forest (2013), Mlele Forest Reserve, Tli’ika, Kuumbi Cave (Trench 10, Phase 1b), Kuumbi Cave (Trench 10, Phase 3), Kuumbi Cave (Trench 10, Phase 4), Ewass Oldupa (Trench 2), Ewass Oldupa (Trench 3)

Thailand: Hala-Bala Wildlife Sanctuary, Cave of the Monk (Area 1), Ban Rai rockshelter, Tham Lod rockshelter (Unit 2), Doi Pha Kan

Tunisia: Doukanet el Khoutifa

Turkey: Ulucak Höyük (Level V)

Uganda: Nile Delta

Ukraine: Prolom II

United Kingdom: Balderton Sand and Gravel

United States: Laubach Cave, Rancho La Brea (Pit 91), Harrodsburg Crevice, Schulze Cave (layer B), Schulze Cave (layer C1), Kincaid Shelter, Cumberland Cave

Venezuela: El Breal de Orocual (ORS20)

Vietnam: Duoi U'Oi, Lang Trang (Cave II, breccia 5), Lang Trang (eastern galleries), Coc Muoi

Yemen: Hawf

Zimbabwe: Ingwezi Game Management Project

See also Panthera atrox, Panthera gombaszoegensis, Panthera leo, Panthera onca, Panthera pardus, Panthera sp., Panthera spelaea, Panthera tigris, Panthera uncia