Odocoileus virginianus (ungulate)

Mass: 75 kg based on Clauss et al. 2008 and Bundy et al. 1991

Diet: herbivore based on Sparrowe and Springer 1970

Abundance: 0.03 to 93.75% (median 17.65%)

Latitudinal range: -17.1° to 56.8°

Habitats: (73), boreal forest/taiga (5), desert/xeric shrubland (3), mangrove (2), temperate broadleaf/mixed forest (22), tropical/subtropical coniferous forest (2), tropical/subtropical dry broadleaf forest (15), tropical/subtropical moist broadleaf forest (2), tropical/subtropical savanna (3), tropical/subtropical wetland (1)

view a larger map

Found in 128 samples

Canada: Lindsay, Canadian National Railway (spring), Canadian National Railway (summer), Keffer (Midden 57, screened), Keffer (Midden 57, floated), Irving-Johnston, Spillsbury Bay, Caverne de la Mine (upper infill), Winefred Lake, EMEND site (retention level 100%, replicate 1), EMEND site (retention level 100%, replicate 2), EMEND site (retention level 100%, replicate 3), St. Brieux (winter 2011), St. Brieux (spring 2012), Roussillon, Québec, Algar

Colombia: Palmar de Altamira (bosque), Palmar de Altamira (sabana), Palmar de Altamira (palmar 2009), Palmar de Altamira (palmar 2011-2012), Laguna del Petrolero, Aguazuque Occupation 1

Costa Rica: San Juan–La Selva Biological Corridor

Ecuador: Refugio de Vida Silvestre Marina y Costera Pacoche, Pirincay (Early), Pirincay (Transition), Pirincay (Late), La Chimba, Challuahamba

Guatemala: Chivacabé

Honduras: Rio Sikre

Mexico: La Reserva Natural Sierra Nanchititla, Estación Científica Las Joyas, Tolistoque (dry season), Tolistoque (rainy season), Abra-Tanchipa Biosphere Reserve (survey 1), Huasabas-Sahuaripa Region, Ajos, Madera West, Pastorías (lluvias), Pastorías (secas), San Juan Bautista Cuicatlán (lluvias), San Juan Bautista Cuicatlán (secas), Reserva de la Biosfera La Encrucijada (secas), Reserva de la Biosfera La Encrucijada (lluvias), La Playa, Schroeder Site (Structure 1), Sierra Region (secondary forest), Sierra Region (oil palm), Santa Marta rock-shelter, Cerro Portezuelo

Panama: Ecoparque Panama

Peru: Querocoto (dry season), Cerro Baúl, Huaca Colorada (Zone A)

United States: Salt Pond Mountain, Haw River, Rocky River, Richlands, Fayette County, Raleigh-Durham, North of the Michigamme Reservoir, Kleberg County, Longview Lake and Warrensburg, Davis Mountain Preserve, The Wilds, Daniel Boone Field Station (agricultural), Daniel Boone Field Station (riparian), Blue Grass Army Depot, Ardis, Vess Cave, Saber-tooth Cave, Golf Course, Ripplemead, Bluegrass (macro), Bluegrass (micro), Dust Cave (Zones T and U), McKinley Site (Zone A), McKinley Site (Zone B), Angel Site (Subdivision W10D), Taddlock, Steck, Fort Center Mound A, McLelland, Joe Clark, Croley-Evans, Deadman Slough (Excavation Unit), Sucices Site (Excavation Square 2), Watson Brake (6.4 mm fraction), Cadwalader, Mykut Rockshelter, Black Cat Cave (interior), Black Cat Cave (Test Unit 1), Harris Creek, Weber I (Middle Archaic), Weber I (Late Archaic), Garden Creek Mound No. 2, Hobson Site, Edwin Harness Mound, Hale Farm, Itasca Bison Site, Guard, Prison Farm, Pine Hill, Otter Creek No. 2 (Zone 3), Cole Gravel Pit, Sachsen Cave Shelter, Scovill, Taylor Bayou (north bank), Hosterman's Pit, Robinson Cave, Meyer Cave, Polecat Creek (alluvial gravel), Polecat Creek (black earth), Bootlegger Sink, Schulze Cave (layer B), Schulze Cave (layer C1), Schulze Cave (layer C2), Natural Chimneys, Box Elder Creek, Flagg Swamp Rockshelter (Archaic), Bull Neck Swamp Research Forest, Trail of Tears State Forest, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute (logs, feature), Bogue Chitto Creek, West of US 287, Granite Cave, Cumberland Cave

Size measurements:
body mass66100 kgN = 2Clauss et al. 2008
♀ body mass64300 kgN = 23Bundy et al. 1991
♂ body mass88800 kgN = 24Bundy et al. 1991
♂ ear length155 mmN = 11Hoffmeister 1962
♂ hind foot length400 mmN = 3Hoffmeister 1962
♂ hind foot length408 mmN = 5Hoffmeister 1962
♂ hind foot length383 mmN = 11Hoffmeister 1962
♂ tail length170 mmN = 3Hoffmeister 1962
♂ tail length215 mmN = 7Hoffmeister 1962
♂ tail length204 mmN = 3Hoffmeister 1962
♀ total body length1464 mmN = 23Bundy et al. 1991
♂ total body length1563 mmN = 24Bundy et al. 1991
♂ total body length1416 mmN = 3Hoffmeister 1962
♂ total body length1447 mmN = 7Hoffmeister 1962
♂ total body length1350 mmN = 11Hoffmeister 1962

See also Odocoileus, Odocoileus hemionus, Odocoileus lucasi, Odocoileus salinae, Odocoileus sp.