SELECT * FROM sessions,people WHERE ip=20315109220 AND enterer=person_noSELECT p.first_name AS contributor_first,p.last_name AS contributor_last,p2.first_name AS enterer_first,p2.last_name AS enterer_last,t.* FROM people p,people p2,samples t WHERE t.contributor_no=p.person_no AND t.enterer_no=p2.person_no AND t.sample_no=4395 GROUP BY t.sample_noSELECT * FROM samples WHERE sample_no=4395SELECT person_no,first_name,last_name FROM peopleSELECT * FROM refs WHERE ref_no=3980SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE tbl_name='samples';SELECT * FROM register WHERE sample_no=4395 ORDER BY register_no ASCSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Mammuthus' AND (junior_species='meridionalis' OR junior_species='meridionalis')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Mammuthus' AND (species='meridionalis' OR species='meridionalis') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Mammuthus' AND (species='meridionalis' OR species='meridionalis')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Mammuthus' AND (junior_species='meridionalis' OR junior_species='meridionalis')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Mammuthus' AND (species='meridionalis' OR species='meridionalis') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Stephanorhinus' AND (junior_species='etruscus' OR junior_species='etruscus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Stephanorhinus' AND (species='etruscus' OR species='etruscus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Stephanorhinus' AND (species='etruscus' OR species='etruscus')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Stephanorhinus' AND (junior_species='etruscus' OR junior_species='etruscus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Stephanorhinus' AND (species='etruscus' OR species='etruscus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Equus' AND (junior_species='stenonis' OR junior_species='stenonis')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Equus' AND (species='stenonis' OR species='stenonis') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Equus' AND (species='stenonis' OR species='stenonis')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Equus' AND (junior_species='stenonis' OR junior_species='stenonis')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Equus' AND (species='stenonis' OR species='stenonis') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Sus' AND (junior_species='strozzii' OR junior_species='strozzi')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Sus' AND (species='strozzii' OR species='strozzi') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Sus' AND (species='strozzii' OR species='strozzi')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Sus' AND (junior_species='strozzii' OR junior_species='strozzi')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Sus' AND (species='strozzii' OR species='strozzi') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Pseudodama' AND (junior_species='nestii' OR junior_species='nesti')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Pseudodama' AND (species='nestii' OR species='nesti') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Pseudodama' AND (species='nestii' OR species='nesti')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Pseudodama' AND (junior_species='nestii' OR junior_species='nesti')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Pseudodama' AND (species='nestii' OR species='nesti') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Eucladoceros' AND (junior_species='dicranios' OR junior_species='dicranios')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Eucladoceros' AND (species='dicranios' OR species='dicranios') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Eucladoceros' AND (species='dicranios' OR species='dicranios')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Eucladoceros' AND (junior_species='dicranios' OR junior_species='dicranios')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Eucladoceros' AND (species='dicranios' OR species='dicranios') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Leptobos' AND (junior_species='etruscus' OR junior_species='etruscus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Leptobos' AND (species='etruscus' OR species='etruscus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Leptobos' AND (species='etruscus' OR species='etruscus')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Leptobos' AND (junior_species='etruscus' OR junior_species='etruscus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Leptobos' AND (species='etruscus' OR species='etruscus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Castor' AND (junior_species='fiber' OR junior_species='fiber')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Castor' AND (species='fiber' OR species='fiber') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Castor' AND (species='fiber' OR species='fiber')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Castor' AND (junior_species='fiber' OR junior_species='fiber')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Castor' AND (species='fiber' OR species='fiber') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Ursus' AND (junior_species='etruscus' OR junior_species='etruscus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Ursus' AND (species='etruscus' OR species='etruscus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Ursus' AND (species='etruscus' OR species='etruscus')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Ursus' AND (junior_species='etruscus' OR junior_species='etruscus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Ursus' AND (species='etruscus' OR species='etruscus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Canis' AND (junior_species='etruscus' OR junior_species='etruscus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Canis' AND (species='etruscus' OR species='etruscus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Canis' AND (species='etruscus' OR species='etruscus')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Canis' AND (junior_species='etruscus' OR junior_species='etruscus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Canis' AND (species='etruscus' OR species='etruscus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Canis' AND (junior_species='arnensis' OR junior_species='arnensis')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Canis' AND (species='arnensis' OR species='arnensis') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Canis' AND (species='arnensis' OR species='arnensis')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Canis' AND (junior_species='arnensis' OR junior_species='arnensis')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Canis' AND (species='arnensis' OR species='arnensis') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Felis' AND (junior_species='lunensis' OR junior_species='lunensis')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Felis' AND (species='lunensis' OR species='lunensis') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Felis' AND (species='lunensis' OR species='lunensis')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Felis' AND (junior_species='lunensis' OR junior_species='lunensis')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Felis' AND (species='lunensis' OR species='lunensis') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Lynx' AND (junior_species='issiodorensis' OR junior_species='issiodorensis')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Lynx' AND (species='issiodorensis' OR species='issiodorensis') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Lynx' AND (species='issiodorensis' OR species='issiodorensis')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Lynx' AND (junior_species='issiodorensis' OR junior_species='issiodorensis')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Lynx' AND (species='issiodorensis' OR species='issiodorensis') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Homotherium' AND (junior_species='latidens' OR junior_species='latidens')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Homotherium' AND (species='latidens' OR species='latidens') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Homotherium' AND (species='latidens' OR species='latidens')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Homotherium' AND (junior_species='latidens' OR junior_species='latidens')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Homotherium' AND (species='latidens' OR species='latidens') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Chasmaporthetes' AND (junior_species='lunensis' OR junior_species='lunensis')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Chasmaporthetes' AND (species='lunensis' OR species='lunensis') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Chasmaporthetes' AND (species='lunensis' OR species='lunensis')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Chasmaporthetes' AND (junior_species='lunensis' OR junior_species='lunensis')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Chasmaporthetes' AND (species='lunensis' OR species='lunensis') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Pachycrocuta' AND (junior_species='brevirostris' OR junior_species='brevirostris')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Pachycrocuta' AND (species='brevirostris' OR species='brevirostris') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Pachycrocuta' AND (species='brevirostris' OR species='brevirostris')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Pachycrocuta' AND (junior_species='brevirostris' OR junior_species='brevirostris')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Pachycrocuta' AND (species='brevirostris' OR species='brevirostris') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Martes' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Martes' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Martes' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Martes' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Martes' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT * FROM register WHERE sample_no=4395 The Ecological Register: Poggio Rosso
Poggio Rosso
Basic information
Sample name: Poggio Rosso

Reference: P. P. A. Mazza, A. Bertini, and M. Magi. 2004. The late Pliocene site of Poggio Rosso (central Italy): Taphonomy and paleoenvironment. Palaios 19(3):227-248 [ER 3980]
Geography
Country: Italy


Coordinate: 43.63° N, 11.50° E
Coordinate basis: based on nearby landmark

Time interval: Early Pleistocene

Ma: 1.87

Age basis: paleomag

Geography comments: "in the SOLAVA clay pit at Matassino, on the side of a hill called Poggio Rosso on the right side of the Arno River"
coordinate estimated based on Fig. 2 in Napoleone et al. (2001, Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia)
the paleomagnetic stratigraphy is detailed by Napoleone et al. (2001), who provide the exact age estimate for the fossiliferous horizon and state the altitude of 205 m

•
Environment
Lithology: sandstone

Taphonomic context: carnivore accumulation,fluvial deposit

Habitat comments: a "0.6-0.8 m of silty sand... with little or no sediment in between the remains... Specimens largely consist of limb bones, but skulls, many of which are associated with mandibles (Fig. 3), also are present"
the environment consisted of "near-channel deposits formed during extensive, unconfined floods in a poorly to well-drained sand-dominated floodplain" but "The occurrence of skulls, limb bones, bite and gnaw marks, and coprolites and the comparative rarity of axial skeletal parts, attest to the presence and activity of carnivores-hyenas in particular, represented in the Upper Valdarno by Pachycrocuta brevirostris. Poggio Rosso thus is a sort of den with characteristics of a kill sit"

Methods
Life forms: carnivores,rodents,ungulates

Sampling methods: quarry

Sample size: 946 specimens

Years: 1995

Sampling comments: entered counts are summed NISP across all skeletal element classes because reported total MNI values don't agree with counts of skulls, which are often higher

Metadata
Sample number: 4395

Contributor: John Alroy

Enterer: John Alroy

Created: 2023-12-05 20:54:05

Modified: 2023-12-05 09:54:05

Abundance distribution
17 species
0 singletons
total count 946
extrapolated richness: 19.0
Fisher's α: 2.943
geometric series k: 0.7109
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.7254
Shannon's H: 1.8990
Good's u: 1.0000
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
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Register
Mammuthus meridionalis35
Stephanorhinus etruscus51
Equus stenonis50
Sus strozzii83
Pseudodama nestii74
Eucladoceros dicranios470
Leptobos etruscus18
Castor fiber plicidens8
"Castor plicidens": see Barisone et al. (2006)
Ursus etruscus29
plus 2 Ursus sp.
Canis etruscus9
Canis arnensis59
Felis lunensis4
"Felis silvestris lunensis"
Lynx issiodorensis28
Homotherium latidens16
"Homotherium crenatidens": see Anton et al. (2014)
Chasmaporthetes lunensis2
Pachycrocuta brevirostris7
Martes sp.3