SELECT * FROM sessions,people WHERE ip=20315109220 AND enterer=person_noSELECT p.first_name AS contributor_first,p.last_name AS contributor_last,p2.first_name AS enterer_first,p2.last_name AS enterer_last,t.* FROM people p,people p2,samples t WHERE t.contributor_no=p.person_no AND t.enterer_no=p2.person_no AND t.sample_no=4279 GROUP BY t.sample_noSELECT * FROM samples WHERE sample_no=4279SELECT person_no,first_name,last_name FROM peopleSELECT * FROM refs WHERE ref_no=3896SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE tbl_name='samples';SELECT * FROM register WHERE sample_no=4279 ORDER BY register_no ASCSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Macaca' AND (junior_species='sylvanus' OR junior_species='sylvanus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Macaca' AND (species='sylvanus' OR species='sylvanus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Macaca' AND (species='sylvanus' OR species='sylvanus')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Macaca' AND (junior_species='sylvanus' OR junior_species='sylvanus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Macaca' AND (species='sylvanus' OR species='sylvanus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Lynx' AND (junior_species='pardinus' OR junior_species='pardinus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Lynx' AND (species='pardinus' OR species='pardinus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Lynx' AND (junior_species='pardinus' OR junior_species='pardinus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Lynx' AND (species='pardinus' OR species='pardinus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Castor' AND (junior_species='fiber' OR junior_species='fiber')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Castor' AND (species='fiber' OR species='fiber') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Castor' AND (species='fiber' OR species='fiber')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Castor' AND (junior_species='fiber' OR junior_species='fiber')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Castor' AND (species='fiber' OR species='fiber') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Palaeoloxodon' AND (junior_species='antiquus' OR junior_species='antiquus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Palaeoloxodon' AND (species='antiquus' OR species='antiquus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Palaeoloxodon' AND (species='antiquus' OR species='antiquus')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Palaeoloxodon' AND (junior_species='antiquus' OR junior_species='antiquus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Palaeoloxodon' AND (species='antiquus' OR species='antiquus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Stephanorhinus' AND (junior_species='hemitoechus' OR junior_species='hemitoechus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Stephanorhinus' AND (species='hemitoechus' OR species='hemitoechus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Stephanorhinus' AND (species='hemitoechus' OR species='hemitoechus')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Stephanorhinus' AND (junior_species='hemitoechus' OR junior_species='hemitoechus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Stephanorhinus' AND (species='hemitoechus' OR species='hemitoechus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Equus' AND (junior_species='ferus' OR junior_species='ferus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Equus' AND (species='ferus' OR species='ferus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Equus' AND (junior_species='ferus' OR junior_species='ferus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Equus' AND (species='ferus' OR species='ferus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Megaloceros' AND (junior_species='giganteus' OR junior_species='giganteus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Megaloceros' AND (species='giganteus' OR species='giganteus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Megaloceros' AND (species='giganteus' OR species='giganteus')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Megaloceros' AND (junior_species='giganteus' OR junior_species='giganteus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Megaloceros' AND (species='giganteus' OR species='giganteus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Dama' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Dama' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Dama' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Dama' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Dama' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Cervus' AND (junior_species='elaphus' OR junior_species='elaphus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Cervus' AND (species='elaphus' OR species='elaphus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Cervus' AND (junior_species='elaphus' OR junior_species='elaphus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Cervus' AND (species='elaphus' OR species='elaphus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Bos' AND (junior_species='primigenius' OR junior_species='primigenius')SELECT junior_genus,junior_species FROM itis WHERE senior_genus='' AND senior_species=''SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Bos' AND (species='primigenius' OR species='primigenius') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Bos' AND (species='primigenius' OR species='primigenius')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Bos' AND (junior_species='primigenius' OR junior_species='primigenius')SELECT junior_genus,junior_species FROM itis WHERE senior_genus='' AND senior_species=''SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Bos' AND (species='primigenius' OR species='primigenius') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Hemitragus' AND (junior_species='bonali' OR junior_species='bonalii')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Hemitragus' AND (species='bonali' OR species='bonalii') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Hemitragus' AND (species='bonali' OR species='bonalii')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Hemitragus' AND (junior_species='bonali' OR junior_species='bonalii')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Hemitragus' AND (species='bonali' OR species='bonalii') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Oryctolagus' AND (junior_species='cuniculus' OR junior_species='cuniculus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Oryctolagus' AND (species='cuniculus' OR species='cuniculus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Oryctolagus' AND (junior_species='cuniculus' OR junior_species='cuniculus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Oryctolagus' AND (species='cuniculus' OR species='cuniculus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Passeriformes' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Passeriformes' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Passeriformes' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Passeriformes' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Passeriformes' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Galliformes' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Galliformes' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Galliformes' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Galliformes' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Galliformes' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Anas' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Anas' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Anas' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Anas' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Anas' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Cygnus' AND (junior_species='olor' OR junior_species='olor')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Cygnus' AND (species='olor' OR species='olor') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Cygnus' AND (species='olor' OR species='olor')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Cygnus' AND (junior_species='olor' OR junior_species='olor')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Cygnus' AND (species='olor' OR species='olor') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT * FROM register WHERE sample_no=4279 The Ecological Register: Bolomor Cave (Level XII)
Bolomor Cave (Level XII)
Basic information
Sample name: Bolomor Cave (Level XII)

Reference: R. Blasco and J. F. Peris. 2012. A uniquely broad spectrum diet during the Middle Pleistocene at Bolomor Cave (Valencia, Spain). Quaternary International 252:16-31 [ER 3896]
Geography
Country: Spain

State: Valencia


Coordinate: 39.072926° N, -0.269804° W
Coordinate basis: estimated from map

Time interval: Middle Pleistocene

Section: XII

Unit order: above to below

Ma: 0.152

Age basis: other

Geography comments: Bolomor Cave is situated on the "southern slope of the Valldigna valley, approximately 2 km southeast of the town of Tavernes"

The coordinates entered are based on Tavernes de la Valldigna as that was the closest possible estimate

"The karst deposit of Bolomor Cave has been dated by Amino Acid Racemization (AR) and Thermoluminescence (TL) to between MIS 9 and MIS 5"

Level XII has been dated to 0.152 Ma +/- 0.023 Ma

•
Environment
Lithology: siliciclastic (mixed)

Taphonomic context: carnivore accumulation,cave,human accumulation

Habitat comments: "Bolomor cave is a karst cavity opened to the exterior approximately 500 ka, as a consequence of the erosion of the ravine where is placed"

"The sedimentary sequence of Bolomor Cave consists mainly of allochthonous material of colluvial origin. In addition to these deposits, there are other autochthonous sediments of gravitational origin from the roof subsidence, due to tectonics or weathering processes."

"Cutmarks are found on 12.18% of bone remains" largely on the long bones of medium-large-sized animals, as well as various Aves

Carnivore marks were identified on medium-large-sized animals, however, the incidence of activity is low (3% of analyzed remains)

Methods
Life forms: carnivores,primates,rodents,ungulates,other small mammals,birds

Sampling methods: quarry

Sample size: 741 specimens

Sampling comments: Level XII includes faunal remains from excavations between 2000 and 2005

741 of the 2101 faunal remains from Level XII have been identified taxonomically

Metadata
Sample number: 4279

Contributor: Jack Nesbitt

Enterer: Jack Nesbitt

Created: 2023-05-22 16:27:27

Modified: 2023-05-23 03:17:01

Abundance distribution
16 species
3 singletons
total count 741
extrapolated richness: 23.2
Fisher's α: 2.881
geometric series k: 0.6801
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.7203
Shannon's H: 1.6174
Good's u: 0.9960
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
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Register
Macaca sylvanus2
"Macaca sylvana"
Lynx pardinus111 kg
"Lynx pardina"
Castor fiber2
Palaeoloxodon antiquus1
"Paleoloxodon antiquus"
Stephanorhinus hemitoechus6
Equus ferus165422 kg
Megaloceros giganteus5
Dama sp.17
Cervus elaphus325104 kg
Bos primigenius35
Hemitragus bonali4
"Hemitragis bonali"
Oryctolagus cuniculus1352.5 kg browser-grazer
Passeriformes indet.13
"Passeriforme"
Galliformes indet.8
Anas sp.21
Cygnus olor112 kg granivore