SELECT * FROM sessions,people WHERE ip=20315109220 AND enterer=person_noSELECT p.first_name AS contributor_first,p.last_name AS contributor_last,p2.first_name AS enterer_first,p2.last_name AS enterer_last,t.* FROM people p,people p2,samples t WHERE t.contributor_no=p.person_no AND t.enterer_no=p2.person_no AND t.sample_no=4027 GROUP BY t.sample_noSELECT * FROM samples WHERE sample_no=4027SELECT person_no,first_name,last_name FROM peopleSELECT * FROM refs WHERE ref_no=3764SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE tbl_name='samples';SELECT * FROM register WHERE sample_no=4027 ORDER BY register_no ASCSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Capra' AND (junior_species='aegagrus' OR junior_species='aegagrus')SELECT junior_genus,junior_species FROM itis WHERE senior_genus='' AND senior_species=''SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Capra' AND (species='aegagrus' OR species='aegagrus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Capra' AND (junior_species='aegagrus' OR junior_species='aegagrus')SELECT junior_genus,junior_species FROM itis WHERE senior_genus='' AND senior_species=''SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Capra' AND (species='aegagrus' OR species='aegagrus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Ovis' AND (junior_species='aries' OR junior_species='aries')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Ovis' AND (species='aries' OR species='aries') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Ovis' AND (junior_species='aries' OR junior_species='aries')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Ovis' AND (species='aries' OR species='aries') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Bos' AND (junior_species='taurus' OR junior_species='taurus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Bos' AND (species='taurus' OR species='taurus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Bos' AND (junior_species='taurus' OR junior_species='taurus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Bos' AND (species='taurus' OR species='taurus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Gazella' AND (junior_species='subgutturosa' OR junior_species='subgutturosa')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Gazella' AND (species='subgutturosa' OR species='subgutturosa') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Gazella' AND (junior_species='subgutturosa' OR junior_species='subgutturosa')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Gazella' AND (species='subgutturosa' OR species='subgutturosa') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Cervus' AND (junior_species='elaphus' OR junior_species='elaphus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Cervus' AND (species='elaphus' OR species='elaphus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Cervus' AND (junior_species='elaphus' OR junior_species='elaphus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Cervus' AND (species='elaphus' OR species='elaphus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Sus' AND (junior_species='scrofa' OR junior_species='scrofa')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Sus' AND (species='scrofa' OR species='scrofa') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Sus' AND (junior_species='scrofa' OR junior_species='scrofa')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Sus' AND (species='scrofa' OR species='scrofa') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Equus' AND (junior_species='hemionus' OR junior_species='hemionus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Equus' AND (species='hemionus' OR species='hemionus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Equus' AND (species='hemionus' OR species='hemionus')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Equus' AND (junior_species='hemionus' OR junior_species='hemionus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Equus' AND (species='hemionus' OR species='hemionus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Canis' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Canis' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Canis' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Canis' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Canis' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Vulpes' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Vulpes' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Vulpes' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Vulpes' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Vulpes' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Lepus' AND (junior_species='europaeus' OR junior_species='europaeus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Lepus' AND (species='europaeus' OR species='europaeus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Lepus' AND (junior_species='europaeus' OR junior_species='europaeus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Lepus' AND (species='europaeus' OR species='europaeus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Testudo' AND (junior_species='graeca' OR junior_species='graeca')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Testudo' AND (species='graeca' OR species='graeca') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Testudo' AND (species='graeca' OR species='graeca')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Testudo' AND (junior_species='graeca' OR junior_species='graeca')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Testudo' AND (species='graeca' OR species='graeca') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT * FROM register WHERE sample_no=4027 The Ecological Register: Tappeh Sang-e Chakhmaq (East Mound)
Tappeh Sang-e Chakhmaq (East Mound)
Basic information
Sample name: Tappeh Sang-e Chakhmaq (East Mound)

Reference: K. Roustaei, M. Mashkour, and M. Tengberg. 2015. Tappeh Sang-e Chakhmaq and the beginning of the Neolithic in north-east Iran. Antiquity 89(345):573-595 [ER 3764]
Geography
Country: Iran

State: Semnan


Coordinate: 36° 29' 59" N, 55° 0' 2" E
Coordinate basis: stated in text

Time interval: Holocene

Max Ma: 0.007297

Min Ma: 0.006543

Age basis: radiocarbon (uncalibrated)

Geography comments: "Tappeh Sang-e Chakhmaq lies on the plain of Bastam in the Alborz foothills about 8km north of the town of Shahroud, in northern Semnan Province, Iran. It is about 400km east of Tehran".
Radiocarbon dates for the East Mound settlement range from 7297 ± 35 to 6543 ± 27 BP. "It was established in c. 6200-6100 BC, and lasted for nearly 1000 years until around 5300 BC".

•
Environment
Lithology: ash

Taphonomic context: human accumulation,settlement

Archaeology: bone tools,buildings,burials,ceramics,hearths,stone tools,other artifacts,other structures

Habitat comments: "The site comprises two adjacent mounds some 100m apart, the West Mound and the East Mound. The East Mound, oval in shape, covers an area of c. 1.9 ha and rises 5 m above the plain. The excavated sequence consisted of intermittent layers of mud-brick or pisé architecture and their related accumulations. A horseshoe-shaped hearth was constructed in pisé, and a sequence of at least six successive, delicately smoothed and burnished clay coatings were visible within it. A 0.5 m-thick mud-brick wall running east-west was found in the second trench; associated with the mud brick wall, the upper part of a human cranium was unearthed, belonging to an intra-site burial".
"The pottery of the East Mound is handmade. Nearly all sherds show various degrees of burnishing, usually in the form of thin horizontal parallel bands. The common shapes of vessels are deep bowls and jars, but other forms also occur, such as basins. The lithic assemblage shows an overwhelming majority of bladelets and blades, followed, in much lower numbers, by flakes, drills, end scrapers, cores and geometrics. In addition, more than 100 fragments of baked or unbaked clay objects were found and over 200 small stone beads. Needles and awls were common among the bone objects. Other artefacts included seven intact or broken spindle whorls made of pottery and a foliated stone".

Methods
Life forms: carnivores,ungulates,other small mammals,turtles

Sampling methods: quarry

Sample size: 132 specimens

Years: 2009

Sampling comments: "In April 2009, two small soundings were opened at the East Mound. The main trench, Trench 1 (2.5 × 1.5 m), and Trench 2 (1.5 × 1.5 m) located c. 70 m west of Trench 1, on the highest part of the site. In Trench 1 (c. 4.7 m in depth) 83 contexts (100-182 from top to bottom) were recognised and grouped into five different phases. Trench 2, meanwhile, was excavated to a depth of about 1 m, with the deposits divided into six contexts (200–205 from top to bottom) representing a single phase". No information is provided on whether the material was screened.

Metadata
Sample number: 4027

Contributor: Benjamin Carter

Enterer: Benjamin Carter

Created: 2022-10-24 13:24:27

Modified: 2022-10-24 02:30:36

Abundance distribution
11 species
2 singletons
total count 132
extrapolated richness: 16.5
Fisher's α: 2.853
geometric series k: 0.6969
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.8006
Shannon's H: 1.8573
Good's u: 0.9851
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
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Register
Capra aegagrus hircus3722 kg browser-grazer
Ovis aries2541 kg
also 206 Caprinae indet.
Bos taurus7337 kg
Gazella subgutturosa3517 kg grazer
Cervus elaphus5104 kg
also 1702 Ruminantia indet.
Sus scrofa154 kg herbivore
Equus hemionus2 grazer
Canis sp.8
Vulpes sp.1
also 4 Carnivora indet.
Lepus europaeus93.4 kg herbivore
Testudo graeca2