SELECT * FROM sessions,people WHERE ip=20315109220 AND enterer=person_noSELECT p.first_name AS contributor_first,p.last_name AS contributor_last,p2.first_name AS enterer_first,p2.last_name AS enterer_last,t.* FROM people p,people p2,samples t WHERE t.contributor_no=p.person_no AND t.enterer_no=p2.person_no AND t.sample_no=3860 GROUP BY t.sample_noSELECT * FROM samples WHERE sample_no=3860SELECT person_no,first_name,last_name FROM peopleSELECT * FROM refs WHERE ref_no=3688SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE tbl_name='samples';SELECT * FROM register WHERE sample_no=3860 ORDER BY register_no ASCSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Dobsonia' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Dobsonia' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Dobsonia' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Dobsonia' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Dobsonia' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Hipposideros' AND (junior_species='diadema' OR junior_species='diadema')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Hipposideros' AND (species='diadema' OR species='diadema') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Hipposideros' AND (junior_species='diadema' OR junior_species='diadema')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Hipposideros' AND (species='diadema' OR species='diadema') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Hipposideros' AND (junior_species='maggietaylorae' OR junior_species='maggietaylorae')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Hipposideros' AND (species='maggietaylorae' OR species='maggietaylorae') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Hipposideros' AND (species='maggietaylorae' OR species='maggietaylorae')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Hipposideros' AND (junior_species='maggietaylorae' OR junior_species='maggietaylorae')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Hipposideros' AND (species='maggietaylorae' OR species='maggietaylorae') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Melomys' AND (junior_species='rufescens' OR junior_species='rufescens')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Melomys' AND (species='rufescens' OR species='rufescens') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Melomys' AND (species='rufescens' OR species='rufescens')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Melomys' AND (junior_species='rufescens' OR junior_species='rufescens')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Melomys' AND (species='rufescens' OR species='rufescens') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Rattus' AND (junior_species='mordax' OR junior_species='mordax')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Rattus' AND (species='mordax' OR species='mordax') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Rattus' AND (species='mordax' OR species='mordax')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Rattus' AND (junior_species='mordax' OR junior_species='mordax')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Rattus' AND (species='mordax' OR species='mordax') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Rattus' AND (junior_species='praetor' OR junior_species='praetor')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Rattus' AND (species='praetor' OR species='praetor') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Rattus' AND (species='praetor' OR species='praetor')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Rattus' AND (junior_species='praetor' OR junior_species='praetor')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Rattus' AND (species='praetor' OR species='praetor') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Rattus' AND (junior_species='exulans' OR junior_species='exulans')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Rattus' AND (species='exulans' OR species='exulans') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Rattus' AND (species='exulans' OR species='exulans')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Rattus' AND (junior_species='exulans' OR junior_species='exulans')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Rattus' AND (species='exulans' OR species='exulans') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Phalanger' AND (junior_species='orientalis' OR junior_species='orientalis')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Phalanger' AND (species='orientalis' OR species='orientalis') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Phalanger' AND (species='orientalis' OR species='orientalis')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Phalanger' AND (junior_species='orientalis' OR junior_species='orientalis')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Phalanger' AND (species='orientalis' OR species='orientalis') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Thylogale' AND (junior_species='brunii' OR junior_species='bruni')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Thylogale' AND (species='brunii' OR species='bruni') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Thylogale' AND (species='brunii' OR species='bruni')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Thylogale' AND (junior_species='brunii' OR junior_species='bruni')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Thylogale' AND (species='brunii' OR species='bruni') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Varanus' AND (junior_species='indicus' OR junior_species='indicus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Varanus' AND (species='indicus' OR species='indicus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Varanus' AND (species='indicus' OR species='indicus')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Varanus' AND (junior_species='indicus' OR junior_species='indicus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Varanus' AND (species='indicus' OR species='indicus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Scincidae' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Scincidae' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Scincidae' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Scincidae' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Scincidae' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Serpentes' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Serpentes' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Serpentes' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Serpentes' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Serpentes' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Pteropus' AND (junior_species='neohibernicus' OR junior_species='neohibernicus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Pteropus' AND (species='neohibernicus' OR species='neohibernicus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Pteropus' AND (species='neohibernicus' OR species='neohibernicus')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Pteropus' AND (junior_species='neohibernicus' OR junior_species='neohibernicus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Pteropus' AND (species='neohibernicus' OR species='neohibernicus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT * FROM register WHERE sample_no=3860 The Ecological Register: Balof Shelter (Horizon II)
Balof Shelter (Horizon II)
Basic information
Sample name: Balof Shelter (Horizon II)

Reference: J. P. White, T. F. Flannery, R. O'Brien, R. V. Hancock, and L. Pavlish. 1991. The Balof shelters, New Ireland. In Report of the Lapita Homeland Project (eds. J. Allen, C. Gosden), pp. 46-58 [ER 3688]
Geography
Country: Papua New Guinea

State: New Ireland


Coordinate: 2° 54' 14" S, 151° 22' 23" E
Coordinate basis: based on nearby landmark

Time interval: Holocene

Section: 3688

Unit number: 2

Unit order: above to below

Ma: 0.00312

Age basis: radiocarbon (uncalibrated)

Geography comments: "The Balof shelters are a couple of overhangs that face each other across 20 m of collapsed doline at Madina (basis of coordinate), 90 km south of Kavieng", New Ireland, PNG.
"The sites are in secondary forest ... c. 80 m above sea level and 2.7 km south of the coast".
The material reported here is from a 1985 excavation of Balof Shelter 2.
There is a radiocarbon date of 3120 ± 190 BP from the upper levels of Horizon II.

•
Environment
Lithology: limestone

Taphonomic context: human accumulation

Archaeology: ceramics,stone tools

Habitat comments: "Horizons I-V at Balof shelter 2 encompass the upper levels (0-120 cm) of the deposit, consisting of culturally derived fine grey roof debris ... marking a relatively intensive period of human site use".
Various stone artefacts including cores, chunks, flakes, chips and cobbles are present throughout the deposit.
There are also 10 "tiny potsherds" found from Horizons I and II.

Methods
Life forms: bats,rodents,other large mammals,other small mammals,lizards,snakes

Sampling methods: quarry,screenwash

Sample size: 554 specimens

Years: 1985

Sampling comments: "In 1985, 4 square metres were opened in Balof shelter 2, the material being excavated in 1 m2 x 10 cm units and dry sieved through 5 mm mesh".
"This excavation was extended in 1988 by a further 1.25 m2".
The material reported here pertains to 3 square metres of the 1985 excavations (Squares K2, K3, K4).
Counts are of numbers of identified specimens by mandibles, maxillae and teeth.

Metadata
Sample number: 3860

Contributor: Benjamin Carter

Enterer: Benjamin Carter

Created: 2022-01-26 16:11:29

Modified: 2023-04-29 05:06:06

Abundance distribution
13 species
1 singleton
total count 554
extrapolated richness: 16.9
Fisher's α: 2.384
geometric series k: 0.6219
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.6123
Shannon's H: 1.3129
Good's u: 0.9982
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
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Register
Dobsonia sp.168
D. moluccensis or D. praedatrix
Hipposideros diadema1146.1 g insectivore
Hipposideros cf. maggietaylorae3 insectivore
Melomys rufescens2
Rattus mordax7
Rattus praetor4
Rattus exulans1
also 8 Rattus sp.
Phalanger orientalis299
Thylogale brunii11
Varanus indicus16
Scincidae indet.6
Serpentes indet.23
Pteropus neohibernicus3