SELECT * FROM sessions,people WHERE ip=20315109220 AND enterer=person_noSELECT p.first_name AS contributor_first,p.last_name AS contributor_last,p2.first_name AS enterer_first,p2.last_name AS enterer_last,t.* FROM people p,people p2,samples t WHERE t.contributor_no=p.person_no AND t.enterer_no=p2.person_no AND t.sample_no=3404 GROUP BY t.sample_noSELECT * FROM samples WHERE sample_no=3404SELECT person_no,first_name,last_name FROM peopleSELECT * FROM refs WHERE ref_no=3116SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE tbl_name='samples';SELECT * FROM register WHERE sample_no=3404 ORDER BY register_no ASCSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Anaxyrus' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Anaxyrus' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Anaxyrus' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Anaxyrus' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Anaxyrus' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Buteo' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Buteo' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Buteo' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Buteo' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Buteo' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Lagopus' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Lagopus' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Lagopus' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Lagopus' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Lagopus' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Sialia' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Sialia' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Sialia' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Sialia' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Sialia' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Ochotona' AND (junior_species='princeps' OR junior_species='princeps')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Ochotona' AND (species='princeps' OR species='princeps') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Ochotona' AND (junior_species='princeps' OR junior_species='princeps')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Ochotona' AND (species='princeps' OR species='princeps') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Sylvilagus' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Sylvilagus' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Sylvilagus' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Sylvilagus' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Sylvilagus' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Lepus' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Lepus' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Lepus' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Lepus' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Lepus' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Marmota' AND (junior_species='flaviventris' OR junior_species='flaviventris')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Marmota' AND (species='flaviventris' OR species='flaviventris') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Marmota' AND (species='flaviventris' OR species='flaviventris')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Marmota' AND (junior_species='flaviventris' OR junior_species='flaviventris')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Marmota' AND (species='flaviventris' OR species='flaviventris') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Urocitellus' AND (junior_species='richardsonii' OR junior_species='richardsoni')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Urocitellus' AND (species='richardsonii' OR species='richardsoni') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Urocitellus' AND (junior_species='richardsonii' OR junior_species='richardsoni')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Urocitellus' AND (species='richardsonii' OR species='richardsoni') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Thomomys' AND (junior_species='talpoides' OR junior_species='talpoides')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Thomomys' AND (species='talpoides' OR species='talpoides') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Thomomys' AND (species='talpoides' OR species='talpoides')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Thomomys' AND (junior_species='talpoides' OR junior_species='talpoides')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Thomomys' AND (species='talpoides' OR species='talpoides') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Neotoma' AND (junior_species='cinerea' OR junior_species='cinerea')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Neotoma' AND (species='cinerea' OR species='cinerea') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Neotoma' AND (junior_species='cinerea' OR junior_species='cinerea')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Neotoma' AND (species='cinerea' OR species='cinerea') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Phenacomys' AND (junior_species='intermedius' OR junior_species='intermedius')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Phenacomys' AND (species='intermedius' OR species='intermedius') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Phenacomys' AND (junior_species='intermedius' OR junior_species='intermedius')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Phenacomys' AND (species='intermedius' OR species='intermedius') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Microtus' AND (junior_species='longicaudus' OR junior_species='longicaudus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Microtus' AND (species='longicaudus' OR species='longicaudus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Microtus' AND (junior_species='longicaudus' OR junior_species='longicaudus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Microtus' AND (species='longicaudus' OR species='longicaudus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Lemmiscus' AND (junior_species='curtatus' OR junior_species='curtatus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Lemmiscus' AND (species='curtatus' OR species='curtatus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Lemmiscus' AND (junior_species='curtatus' OR junior_species='curtatus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Lemmiscus' AND (species='curtatus' OR species='curtatus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Vulpes' AND (junior_species='vulpes' OR junior_species='vulpes')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Vulpes' AND (species='vulpes' OR species='vulpes') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Vulpes' AND (junior_species='vulpes' OR junior_species='vulpes')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Vulpes' AND (species='vulpes' OR species='vulpes') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Ursus' AND (junior_species='americanus' OR junior_species='americanus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Ursus' AND (species='americanus' OR species='americanus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Ursus' AND (junior_species='americanus' OR junior_species='americanus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Ursus' AND (species='americanus' OR species='americanus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Spilogale' AND (junior_species='putorius' OR junior_species='putorius')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Spilogale' AND (species='putorius' OR species='putorius') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Spilogale' AND (junior_species='putorius' OR junior_species='putorius')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Spilogale' AND (species='putorius' OR species='putorius') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Miracinonyx' AND (junior_species='trumani' OR junior_species='trumanii')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Miracinonyx' AND (species='trumani' OR species='trumanii') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Miracinonyx' AND (species='trumani' OR species='trumanii')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Miracinonyx' AND (junior_species='trumani' OR junior_species='trumanii')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Miracinonyx' AND (species='trumani' OR species='trumanii') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Odocoileus' AND (junior_species='hemionus' OR junior_species='hemionus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Odocoileus' AND (species='hemionus' OR species='hemionus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Odocoileus' AND (junior_species='hemionus' OR junior_species='hemionus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Odocoileus' AND (species='hemionus' OR species='hemionus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Antilocapra' AND (junior_species='americana' OR junior_species='americana')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Antilocapra' AND (species='americana' OR species='americana') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Antilocapra' AND (junior_species='americana' OR junior_species='americana')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Antilocapra' AND (species='americana' OR species='americana') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Ovis' AND (junior_species='canadensis' OR junior_species='canadensis')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Ovis' AND (species='canadensis' OR species='canadensis') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Ovis' AND (junior_species='canadensis' OR junior_species='canadensis')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Ovis' AND (species='canadensis' OR species='canadensis') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Equus' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Equus' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Equus' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Equus' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Equus' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT * FROM register WHERE sample_no=3404 The Ecological Register: Haystack Cave (lower levels)
Haystack Cave (lower levels)
Basic information
Sample name: Haystack Cave (lower levels)

Sample aka: 5GN 189

Reference: S. D. Emslie. 1986. Late Pleistocene vertebrates from Gunnison County, Colorado. Journal of Paleontology 60(1):170-176 [ER 3116]
Geography
Country: United States

State: Colorado


Coordinate: 38.48° N, -107.17° W
Coordinate basis: stated in text

Time interval: Late Pleistocene

Section: 3116

Unit number: 2

Unit order: above to below

Max Ma: 0.014935

Min Ma: 0.012154

Age basis: radiocarbon (uncalibrated)

Geography comments: NE1/4, SE1/4 of sec. 27, T49N, R3W"
there are "Two carbon 14 dates... based on bone apatite of unidentifiable fragments from levels 3 and 4 and 5 and 6", the first being 14,935 +/- 610 B.P. and the second being "less accurate due to lesser amounts of available bone" and 12,154 +/- 1,700 B.P. (presumed to be uncalibrated because errors are symmetrically distributed)
lower levels (4 to 6) are "undisturbed" and definitely Pleistocene

•
Environment
Lithology: not described

Taphonomic context: bird accumulation,cave,rodent accumulation

Habitat comments: "a small volcanic lava tube"
"cultural remains are distinct only in the upper two levels (40 cm)... deposition of bone in the lower levels probably is due to natural rather than cultural processes... bone deposition probably resulted from carnivores using the cave as a den, rodents (especially woodrats) dragging bones into the cave and nesting there, and birds roosting there... carnivores... may have been the primary source of bone deposition"

Methods
Life forms: carnivores,rodents,ungulates,other small mammals,birds,frogs

Sampling methods: quarry,screenwash

Sample size: 290 specimens

Sampling comments: "All matrix was screened through one-quarter-inch screen"

Metadata
Sample number: 3404

Contributor: John Alroy

Enterer: John Alroy

Created: 2019-08-30 13:16:42

Modified: 2023-05-30 00:26:17

Abundance distribution
22 species
9 singletons
total count 290
extrapolated richness: 47.8
Fisher's α: 5.529
geometric series k: 0.7890
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.7026
Shannon's H: 1.7631
Good's u: 0.9690
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
• Find matching samples
• Map matching samples
• Extrapolate richness estimates
Register
Anaxyrus sp.1
"Bufo boreas" or "Bufo woodhousei"
Buteo sp.4
Lagopus sp.1
Sialia sp.1
Ochotona princeps4157 g
Sylvilagus sp.10
Lepus sp.38
Marmota flaviventris145
Urocitellus richardsonii44251 g
"Spermophilus richardsonii"
Thomomys talpoides2
nine specifically indeterminate specimens are also present
Neotoma cinerea4240 g
seven indeterminate specimens of cinerea or mexicana are also present
Phenacomys intermedius123.5 g
Microtus longicaudus130.2 g
seven indeterminate specimens of Microtus are also present
Lemmiscus curtatus430.3 g
"Lagurus curtatus"
Vulpes vulpes15.3 kg carnivore-insectivore
two other small canid specimens are also present
Ursus americanus1115 kg browser-insectivore
Spilogale putorius1633 g carnivore-invertivore
Miracinonyx cf. trumani1
"Acinonyx (Miracinonyx) trumani"
Odocoileus hemionus365 kg browser
Antilocapra americana351 kg
Ovis canadensis1855 kg
Equus sp.2