SELECT * FROM sessions,people WHERE ip=20315109220 AND enterer=person_noSELECT p.first_name AS contributor_first,p.last_name AS contributor_last,p2.first_name AS enterer_first,p2.last_name AS enterer_last,t.* FROM people p,people p2,samples t WHERE t.contributor_no=p.person_no AND t.enterer_no=p2.person_no AND t.sample_no=3369 GROUP BY t.sample_noSELECT * FROM samples WHERE sample_no=3369SELECT person_no,first_name,last_name FROM peopleSELECT * FROM refs WHERE ref_no=3091SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE tbl_name='samples';SELECT * FROM register WHERE sample_no=3369 ORDER BY register_no ASCSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Equus' AND (junior_species='ferus' OR junior_species='ferus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Equus' AND (species='ferus' OR species='ferus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Equus' AND (junior_species='ferus' OR junior_species='ferus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Equus' AND (species='ferus' OR species='ferus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Bovini' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Bovini' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Bovini' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Bovini' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Bovini' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Cervus' AND (junior_species='elaphus' OR junior_species='elaphus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Cervus' AND (species='elaphus' OR species='elaphus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Cervus' AND (junior_species='elaphus' OR junior_species='elaphus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Cervus' AND (species='elaphus' OR species='elaphus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Rangifer' AND (junior_species='tarandus' OR junior_species='tarandus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Rangifer' AND (species='tarandus' OR species='tarandus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Rangifer' AND (junior_species='tarandus' OR junior_species='tarandus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Rangifer' AND (species='tarandus' OR species='tarandus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Ursus' AND (junior_species='spelaeus' OR junior_species='spelaeus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Ursus' AND (species='spelaeus' OR species='spelaeus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Ursus' AND (species='spelaeus' OR species='spelaeus')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Ursus' AND (junior_species='spelaeus' OR junior_species='spelaeus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Ursus' AND (species='spelaeus' OR species='spelaeus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Canis' AND (junior_species='lupus' OR junior_species='lupus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Canis' AND (species='lupus' OR species='lupus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Canis' AND (junior_species='lupus' OR junior_species='lupus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Canis' AND (species='lupus' OR species='lupus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Crocuta' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Crocuta' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Crocuta' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Crocuta' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Crocuta' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Panthera' AND (junior_species='spelaea' OR junior_species='spelaea')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Panthera' AND (species='spelaea' OR species='spelaea') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Panthera' AND (species='spelaea' OR species='spelaea')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Panthera' AND (junior_species='spelaea' OR junior_species='spelaea')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Panthera' AND (species='spelaea' OR species='spelaea') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Felis' AND (junior_species='silvestris' OR junior_species='silvestris')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Felis' AND (species='silvestris' OR species='silvestris') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Felis' AND (junior_species='silvestris' OR junior_species='silvestris')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Felis' AND (species='silvestris' OR species='silvestris') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT * FROM register WHERE sample_no=3369 The Ecological Register: Raj Cave (layer 4)
Raj Cave (layer 4)
Basic information
Sample name: Raj Cave (layer 4)

Sample aka: Paradise Cave

Reference: M. Patou-Mathis. 2004. Subsistence behaviours in a Middle Palaeolithic site in Poland: the Raj Cave. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 14:244-255 [ER 3091]
Geography
Country: Poland


Coordinate: 50° 44' 22" N, 20° 30' 12" E
Coordinate basis: based on nearby landmark

Time interval: Late Pleistocene

Section: 3091

Unit number: 1

Unit order: below to above

Max Ma: 0.05

Min Ma: 0.043

Age basis: radiocarbon

Geography comments: "in the Bobrzyska Valley, near Kielce"
this is the same as Paradise Cave (basis of coordinate)
"The two cultural layers are dated between 50,000 and 43,000 years ago (Kowalski, 1972a)", apparently meaning based on radiocarbon dates

Environment
Lithology: claystone

Taphonomic context: cave,human accumulation

Archaeology: stone tools

Habitat comments: "brown or grey brown sandy clay with a small admixture of limestone rubble"
in layer 4, "scavenging is probable but hunting cannot be totally excluded... In both cultural layers" tools indicate "that debitage took place on site"

Methods
Life forms: carnivores,ungulates

Sampling methods: quarry

Sample size: 70 specimens

Sampling comments: the collection was apparently made between discovery of the cave in 1963 and publication of the 1972 monograph by Kowalski
Mustela nivalis, Lepus timidus, and Ochotona pusilla are present but not counted

Metadata
Sample number: 3369

Contributor: John Alroy

Enterer: John Alroy

Created: 2019-08-27 11:50:18

Modified: 2023-04-29 00:49:49

Abundance distribution
9 species
2 singletons
total count 70
extrapolated richness: 14.7
Fisher's α: 2.747
geometric series k: 0.6655
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.7337
Shannon's H: 1.6341
Good's u: 0.9714
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
Register
Equus ferus ferus6422 kg
"Equus caballus": hunted wild horses
Bovini indet.3
Bos or Bison
Cervus elaphus3104 kg
Rangifer tarandus2369 kg browser
Ursus spelaeus26
Canis lupus343 kg carnivore
Crocuta sp.4
"Crocuta crocuta": possibly C. spelaea
Panthera spelaea1
Felis silvestris14.5 kg carnivore